When a criminal act is done by several persons in furtherance of the common intention of all, each of such persons is liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done by him alone.

Characteristics of Section 34

• Legal Principle: Collective liability for a criminal act.
• Common Intention: When a criminal act is done in furtherance of the common intention of all involved parties.
• Individual Liability: Each person involved is held liable for the act as if done by them alone.

Implications

• Shared Responsibility: All participants share equal responsibility for the criminal act.
• Equal Liability: Each individual is treated as the sole perpetrator of the crime.

Conclusion

Section 34 underscores the principle of collective liability, holding each participant accountable for a criminal act committed with common intention.